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Sood, V. K.
- Morphological Characterization of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Var. grossum Sendt.) Genotypes
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1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
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Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 43, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 33-39Abstract
Morphological characterization of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt.) germplasm is a prerequisite in any crop improvement programme. The present study was conducted in 2015 at the Vegetable Experimental Farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, to evaluate morphological traits of bell pepper genotypes in 43 F5 progenies, one susceptible and two resistant checks. Characterization of genotypes was done for the plant descriptors that included fruit shape, fruit shape at pedicel attachment, blossom end fruit shape, fruit position, plant height and fruit colour. Blocky fruit shape, truncate/ cordate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, sunken blossom end fruit shape, pendent/ erect fruit position and dark green fruit colour at the time of horticultural maturity were the desirable horticultural attributes from consumer's point of view. Bell pepper germplasm contains sufficient genetic variability and can be used for crop improvement. Among the evaluated genotypes, 14 had blocky fruit shape, 12 with lobate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, 25 with sunken blossom end fruit shape, 7 with upright fruit position and 28 genotypes with plant height of 46-65 cm. Green and yellow green coloured fruits were prominent. 27, 9 and 10 progenies were categorized under green group, yellow yellow green group and yellow green green group, respectively. Characterization of bell pepper germplasm will provide valuable information for strengthening breeding programmes because it helps in selection of parents on the basis of morphological characters. P-43, P-24, P-25, P-33, P-34, P-10, P-23 were the progenies with desirable horticultural attributes and can be used for their exploitation in future breeding programme.Keywords
Capsicum annuum Var. Grossum, Bell Pepper, Colour, Descriptor and Fruit.Full Text
References
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- Genetic Variation, Association of Characters, and their Contributions for Improvement in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt.)
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Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 43, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 78-88Abstract
Forty six genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated during the summer rainy season of 2015 at CSKHPKV, Palampur to study the extent of genetic variability, determine the association between different characters, understand the direct and indirect effects of component traits on marketable fruit yield, and identify desirable genotypes. Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all horticultural traits studied; that is, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, plant height, primary branches per plant, harvest duration, fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, lobes per fruit, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, fruits per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant and marketable fruits per plant. On the basis of mean performance, the progenies P-30, P-39 P-33, P-11 and P-28 were the highest yielder. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) indicated higher values than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits, indicating close association between phenotype and genotype. High heritability estimates along with high genetic advance were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and marketable fruit yield per plant indicating the role of additive gene action for their inheritance. Harvest duration and fruit width had high heritability estimates along with low genetic advance, indicating non-additive gene activity, and these could be improved through hybridization The maximum direct effect on marketable fruit yield per plant was exhibited by marketable fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit width, whereas days to 50 per cent flowering and marketable fruits per plant had negative direct effects. Adequate genetic variability was present within bell pepper germplasm to aflow breeding improvement of marketable yield.Keywords
Capsicum annuum var. grossum, Bell Pepper, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlations, Path Analysis.Full Text
References
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- Sood S, Sood R, Sagar V and Sharma KC. 2009. Genetic variation and association analysis for fruit yield, agronomic and quality characters in bell pepper. International Journal of Vegetable Science 15:272-284.
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- Identification and Isolation of Transgressive Segregants in F3 Generation of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
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Authors
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1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 44, No 1&2 (2018), Pagination: 1-9Abstract
An investigation on blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) was conducted to elicit the information on superior transgressive segregants generated in respect of seed yield and its components in F3 generation of blackgram. The F3 populations were raised in Compact Family Block Design during Kharif 2016. High frequency of transgressive segregation (100%) was shown by the different progenies of crosses namely DU-1 × Palampur-93, HPBU-124 × HPBU-111, TU-17-4 × Palampur-93, DU-1 × Him Mash-1, IPU-02-33 × Palampur-93, KU-223 × HPBU-111, KU-553 × Palampur-93, HPBU-126 × HPBU-111, KU-553 × HPBU-111 and HPBU-126 × Palampur-93 for all of the studied traits. The results suggested the existence of large count of transgressive segregants in early segregating generations for almost all the traits which provides a wide scope for the meticulous selection of these genotypes and to bring in the beneficial alleles for blackgram breeding program in later generations for developing the desirable plant type.Keywords
Blackgram, Vigna mungo, Transgressive Segregants and Quantitative.Full Text
References
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- Emergence of Genome Wide Association Studies as a Major Plant Breeding Tool
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Authors
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1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 44, No 1&2 (2018), Pagination: 125-127Abstract
Identification of genes responsible for complex traits has been revolutionized with the advent and association of high throughput sequencing with association studies. GWAS takes the full advantage of ancient recombination events occurred in the natural population and exploits simple association of polymorphism with the trait of interest. Further, the genetic basis of phenotypic variations is detected by rapid highthroughput sequencing, accelerating the genome assisted breeding. The high density SNPs generated through GWAS allow whole genome scanning to identify haplotype blocks correlated with desired QTLs, thereby establishing itself as a major plant breeding tool.Keywords
GWAS, Linkage Disequilibrium, SNPs.Full Text
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- CRISPR-A Powerful Functional Genomic Tool in Crop Improvement
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
1 Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 45, No 1&2 (2019), Pagination: 96-99Abstract
CRISPR and CRISPR Associated (Cas) Proteins (CRISPR-Cas) system is a vital defense system found in bacteria and archea. CRISPR activity requires a set of Cas genes, found adjacent to the CRISPR, that codes for protein essential for immune response. CRISPR system works in three stages to carry out a full immune response to invading foreign DNA i.e. acquisition, expression and interference stage. Recently Type II CRISPR-Cas9 system has also been adapted to perform genome engineering by inducing double-strand breaks (DSBs) in host DNA that can be repaired by either non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR). Although the full potential of CRISPR-Cas9 has not been harnessed so far, this technology has already brought revolutionary changes in genomic research. CRISPR-Cas9 system has great potential for both research and therapeutics; however, improvements can still be made in its speci?city, efficiency and off target effects. With the advancement, the use of this system is increased in model plants as well as other crop plants like Arabidopsis, tobacco, maize, rice, wheat, sorghum, barley, brassica, soybean etc.Keywords
CRISPR, Cas, Spacer, Repeat, Crop Improvement.Full Text
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- Effects of Different Growth Media on Germinability of Interspecific Hybrids between Vigna mungo< and V. umbellata
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1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 46, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 29-35Abstract
A total of 15 interspecific crosses involving five genotypes of urdbean (Vigna mungo) and three genotypes of ricebean (V. umbellata) were attempted to study the effects of different growth media on hybrid germination. Since the seeds obtained from the interspecific crosses did not germinate under normal soil conditions so attempts were made to grow them on various media i.e. Salt solution, Half and full strength MS medium, MS basal medium and Gamborg B5 media. Seeds were able to germinate only on the salt solution. F1 seeds obtained from cross Him Mash-1 x VRB-3 showed maximum response on salt solution with respect to radicle formation (44.60 per cent) followed by Palampur-93 x PRR-2 (38.30 per cent) & Him Mash-1 x PRR-1 (23.89 per cent).Cross Palampur-93 x PRR-2 (17.02 per cent) produced maximum number of plantlets followed by Him Mash-1 x VRB-3 (15.32 per cent). The study indicated that different kinds of post fertilization barriers such as retarded embryo & endosperm development, production of inviable & shriveled seed, inability of seed to form radicle and yellowing of plantlets are responsible for complete lethality. The crosses showing substantially high per cent of germination can be utilized for genetic improvement of urdbean.Keywords
Interspecific Hybridization, Germinability, V. mungo, V. umbellata.Full Text
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- Assessment of Variability Parameters for Seed Yield and Related Component Traits in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L). Hepper] Generations
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Authors
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1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 47, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 24-32Abstract
The research was carried out to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, along with proportions of heritability and genetic advance among 14 crosses and ten parents by considering 11 yield and its related traits in blackgram. The investigation was undertaken in the Experimental Farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.) during Kharif 2018 and 2019 in Randomized Complete Block Design over three replications. Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits in both the generations. High PCV and GCV was recorded for biological yield per plant (g), seed yield per plant (g) and harvest index (%). High heritability along with high genetic advance was recorded for pods per plant, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant and harvest index in both the generations indicating the preponderance of additive gene action to develop desirable and stable genotypes during breeding programme.Keywords
Blackgram, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance.Full Text
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- Performance of Newly Developed Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Var. capitata.) Under Mid-Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, IN
2 Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CSKHPKV Palampur, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSKHPKV, Palampur, IN
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, IN
2 Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CSKHPKV Palampur, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSKHPKV, Palampur, IN
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Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 47, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 100-103Abstract
The present investigation comprising of seventeen genotypes was carried out to evaluate the performance of newly developed cytoplasmic male sterile lines of cabbage for various quantitative traits. The analysis of variance revealed that mean squares due to genotypes were significant for all the traits, highlighting the presence of sufficient genetic variability among the CMS lines. Based on the per se performance with respect to marketable head yield and related traits, the best CMS line identified was II-105-CMS (231.48 q/ha) which was statistically at par with other two CMS lines namely II-M-CMS (215.92 q/ha) and III-105-CMS (210.37 q/ha). All these three CMS lines with respect to marketable head yield were also found quite promising in other important horticultural traits and from consumer’s point of view.Keywords
Cabbage, Per Se Performance, Genetic Variability, CMS.Full Text
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- Studies on Induced Chlorophyll Mutants in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, 176 062, IN
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 47, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 156-162Abstract
The investigation was undertaken to score and identify the chlorophyll mutants in M generation of two 2 genotypes of black gram viz., HM-1 and PLP-93 during Kharif 2019. M generation was raised in Kharif 2018 1 from the seeds of both the genotypes treated with gamma-rays (100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy), EMS (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.44%) and their possible combinations. Five types of chlorophyll mutants were detected. Most frequent chlorophyll mutant was chlorina (31) followed by albino (15), xantha (12), variegated (7) and striata (6). The frequency of mutants showed gradual increase with increase in dose/concentration of mutagens in both gamma rays and EMS, while the combination treatments showed an irregular trend with increasing dose in both the genotypes of black gram. Combined treatments produced more mutant frequency than gamma-irradiation and EMS treatments for both genotypes of black gram. Genotype HM-1 was observed more responsive to mutation changes than the genotype PLP-93.Keywords
Chlorophyll Mutants, EMS, Gamma-Rays, Mutant Frequency, Black Gram.Full Text
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- Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamma Rays and EMS (Ethyl Methane Sulphonate) in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 47, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 163-168Abstract
Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and EMS was studied based on biological injury (lethality and pollen sterility) in M generation and frequency of chlorophyll mutation in M generation. The 1 2 results showed presence of radina, chlorina, xantha and albino type of chlorophyll chimeras in linseed and with the maximum frequency of chimeras at 60 kR (0.490 %) gamma rays and 0.6 per cent EMS (0.476 %). No dose dependent relationship was observed for both effectiveness and efficiency and varied according to cultivars of linseed. However, the gamma rays doses were found more effective and efficient then EMS.Keywords
Chemical Mutagen, Gamma Rays, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Linseed.Full Text
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